A small-scale regularly packed circulating fluidized bed Part I: Hydrodynamics
نویسندگان
چکیده
The present investigation is based on the idea of intensifying the gas-solids contact in a circulating fluidized bed by introducing obstacles into it. Such obstacles may effectively suppress radial inhomogeneities in the solids flux and concentration, increase the dynamic solids hold-up, and break up solids clusters. This article (Part I) deals with the hydrodynamics (pressure drop and solids hold-up) investigated at ambient conditions, for cocurrent upward flow of air and microsize solid particles (FCC, 70 pm diameter) over a regularly structured inert packing introduced into the riser part of a circulating fluidized bed unit. The packed section has a height of 0.48 m, a cross-sectional area of 0.06 x 0.06 m*, and contains regularly-stacked 0.01 m diameter Perspex bars as the obstacles meant to enhance the gas-solids contact. Slide-valves mounted above and below the packed section can be used to trap the solids inventory and determine the (dynamic) solids hold-up. Gas and solids mass fluxes have been varied in the range of 0.7<G, ~4.4 and 0~ G, Q 15 kg me2 s-‘, respectively. Part II will report on the results of gas-solids mass transfer measurements, which have been carried out in the same set-up at comparable experimental conditions. Results of this work show that: (i) the pressure gradient over the packed section increases linearly with increasing solids mass flux, but faster than linearly with increasing applied gas mass flux, (ii) the dynamic solids volume fraction can be described quite well by the correlation &,=0.0084 G.G,-‘.” for almost the entire range of applied gas and solids mass fluxes, (iii) the value for the solids friction factor derived for the gas flux range 0.7<G,<3.7 kg (m-’ s-l) varies from 1.4 to 2.5 and is linear with the solids volume fraction. These fs values are about 2 to 3 decades higher than those obtained from f, correlations derived for dilute-phase pneumatic conveying lines operated under the same experimental conditions.
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A small-scale regularly packed circulating fluidized bed Part II: Mass transfer
The underlying objective of the present study is to increase gas-solids contact in a circulating fluidized bed by the introduction of obstacles in the riser portion. The presence of such obstacles leads to suppression of radial inhomogeneities in the solids mass flux and concentration, and break-up of solids clusters. At ambient conditions, gas-solids mass transfer was investigated for cocurren...
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